Ansiklopedisi Türk Tarih - Coğrafi, Cilt.4, İstanbul, 2010, S.398.
RafikTuran Ve Diğerleri, Atatürk Ilkeleri Ve Inkilap Tarihi,Ankara, 1996, S.69.
([1]) Ergün Aybars, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi-I, Ankara, 1995, S.11.
([1]) Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-I, Istanbul, 1945, S.31.
Nil Sarı & Zuhal Özaydın, 1.Dünya Savaşında Osmanlı Hilali Ahmer Cemiyetinin Sağlık ve sosyal Yardıma Katkıları, II. Türk Tıp Tarihi Kongresi (20_21 Eylül 1990) Bildiri Kitabı, Ankara, 1999, SS.61_67.
([1]) Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-II, Istanbul, 1968, S. 12.
([1]) Bilal N.Şimşir, Bizim Diplomatlar, Ankara, 1996, S.283.
: Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-II, A. G. E., S.13.
Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-I, A. G. E., S. 62.
[1]))
Şevket Süreyya Aydemir, Tek Adam, Cilt.1, Istanbul, 1963, S.118; Turkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cilt.1, Ankara, 1989.
Mustafa al-Zein, Ataturk and his successors, Dar al-Kalima publishing house, Beirut, 1982, p.
Ahmed Nuri al-Nuaimi, the political system in Turkey, Zahran publishing and distribution house, Amman, 2011
([1]) Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-II, A. G. E., S. 242.
Nadia Yasin Abdul, the Federalists, a historical study in their social roots and intellectual theses }late nineteenth century _ 1908 {, introduction: Hashim Saleh al-Tikriti, Adnan House and library for printing, distribution and publishing, Baghdad, 2014.
Orkhan Muhammad Ali, Sultan Abdul Hamid II (his life and the events of his reign), Dar Al-Anbar library, Ramadi, 1987.
Ahmet Turan Alkan, Ikinci Meşrutiyet Devrinde OrduVeSiyaset, Ankara, 1992, SS.4_10.
([1]) Zeki Arıkan, Ikinci Meşrutiyet Döneminde İzmir, İzmir, 1999, S.222.
Manal Badr Khalaf Al-Douri, the position of European countries on the Ottoman expansion in the Balkans, master's thesis (unpublished), Faculty of education for girls, Tikrit University, 2014.
([1]) Lord Kinross, Atatürk-Bir Milletin Yeniden Doğuşu, Istanbul, 1988, S.58; Falih Rifki Atay, Çankaya, Istanbul, 1980, S.
Abbas Fadel Mohammed, constitutional amendments in Turkey, "Tikrit University for the humanities" Magazine, Volume: (15), issue: (11), Tikrit University, November 2008.
Ahmet Bedvevi Kuran, Inkilap Tarihimiz Ve Jön Türkler, Istanbul, 1945, SS.20_22.
Eric zorker, the modern history of Turkey, translated by Abdullatif Al-Haris, reviewed by Saad daroub, Dar Al-Madar al-Islami, Beirut, 2013 .
Andrew mango, Ataturk biography of the founder of modern Turkey, translated by: Omar Saeed Al-Ayoubi, Department of culture and tourism – Kalima project, Abu Dhabi, 2018.
([1]) Zeki Arıkan, Tanzimat Ve Meşrutiyet Dönemlerinde İzmir Basını – Tanzimat'tan Cumhuriyet'e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cilt:1, Istanbul, 1985.
Bezmi Nusret Kaygusuz, Bir Roman Gibi, İzmir, 1975, S.42.
([1]) Tarık Zafer Tunaya, Turkiye'de Siyasi Partiler, Cilt:3, Istanbul, 2000.
([1]) Andrew Mango, Atatürk Modern Türkiye'nin Kurucusu, Istanbul, 2012.
)[1]) Uyarlanmiştir: Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-I, A. G. E., S. 218.
)[1]) Çelal Bayar, Atatürk' tün Hatıraları, Istanbul, 1955, S.18.
Saleh Saadawi Saleh, glossary of terms of Ottoman history-an illustrated encyclopedic glossary, Vol. 3, King Abdulaziz Darat, Riyadh, 2016.
The talents of mawarouf Salem Al-Jubouri, Jamal Pasha, his life and his political role, master's thesis (unpublished), Faculty of education for girls, University of Baghdad, 2004.
Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, London, 1961,.
)[1]) Zafer Tobrak, 2. Meşrutiyet Dönemlerinde Paramiliter Örgütleri -Tanzimat'tan Cumhuriyet'e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cilt:2, Istanbul, 1985,
. 2002
Sawadi Hashim al-Sudani, American-Ottoman relations (1908-1920) - historical monograph, doctoral thesis (unpublished), Faculty of education_ University of Mosul،
Genelkurmay Askeri Tarih Ve Stratejik Etüd Başkanligi, Balkan Harbi Osmanli Devri (1912_1913), Cilt.2, Ankara, 1993.
Ahmed Nuri al-Nuaimi, political life in modern Turkey 1919_1938, Freedom House for printing, Baghdad, 1990 .
Sarmad Akidi Fathi, Ali Fathi okyar and his role in the establishment of the Republican free party, Journal of "educational and scientific studies", Volume: (1), Issue: (16),, Faculty of education_university of Iraq, February 2020.
([1]) Tarık Zafer Tunaya, A. G. E., Cilt:1, S.185; Andrew Mango, A. G. E., S.15.
([1]) Nurettin Can Gülekli - Riza Onaran, Türkiye Birinci Büyük Millet Meclisi 50. Yıldönümü, Istanbul, 1973, S.51.
Mansour Abdel Hakim, the Jewish idol who adored Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the Wolf of turania, Dar Al-Kitab al-Arabi, Cairo, 2010.
Eldin Ihsanoglu, the Islamic world and the challenges of the new century – Organization of the Islamic Conference, Dar El Shorouk, Cairo, 2013.
Çemal Kutay, 1955'de Garbi Trakya'da İlk Türk Cumhuriyeti, İstanbul, 1962.
Ali Fuat Türkgeldi, Mondros Ve Mudanya Mütare kelerrinin Tarihi, Ankara, 1948,
; Hamza Eroğlu, Türk Inkilap Tarihi, Istanbul, 1982.
Qais Asad Shakir Hamidi, Fawzi Cakmak and his military and political role in Turkey 1876_1950, master's thesis (unpublished), Faculty of pedagogy_ Samara University, 2015.
Alev Er, Milli Mücadelede Siyasal Kuruluşlar "Teceddüt Fırkası"-Tanzimat'tan Cumhuriyet'e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Istanbul, 1985.
)[1]) Alev Er, Milli Mücadelede Siyasal Kuruluşlar "Teceddüt Fırkası"-Tanzimat'tan Cumhuriyet'e Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Istanbul, 1985S.1121.
)[1]) Uyarlanmiştir: Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Görüşlerim-I, A. G. E., SS.107_108.
)[1]) Alıntı: Yusuf Hikmet Bayur, Atatürk Hayatı Ve Eseri-I, Ankara, 1990.
Mohammed Abdullah Hamdan, Jewish communities in Turkey and their role in Turkish political, economic and cultural life, Dar Al-Zaman for printing, publishing and distribution, Damascus, 2011