Al-Anbar University Journal For Humanities

The political change in any country has to have it's own internal and external dimensions, And the Foreign policies for countries is a normal extension for it's internal situation, And so the political relations has developed between Libya and Sudan throughout the years of 1985-1986 to reflect a new positive nature between these countries, Especially with Libya being in the west side of Sudan which Muammar Al- Qaddafi contributed efficiently in the process of overthrow the Major General Jaafar Al-Nimeiri, Which he assisted the opposition lead by the colonel John Kurnak, This stage was recognized by the military support given by Muammar Al- Qaddafi's for the Sudan opposition which was able with the Sudan's rebels to overthrow the ruling system of colonel Jaafar Al-Nimeiri in 1985 and make the Sudan savior government between 1985-1986 with the support of Muammar AL- Qaddafi

The parliamentary elections could have been a real and appropriate opportunity to give an agreement Taif The momentum that I miss and the political system the popular legitimacy required, the 1992 elections were held to establish a new style in the political practice in Lebanon and to prove the concepts and standards in line with it, the 1992 elections to the Council introduced a large number of deputies with multiple political backgrounds. The 1992 elections took place in the shadow of a stifling economic crisis that enabled a companion Hariri's access to power, Hariri, who was involved in making a deal Taif in all its stages has sought the position of Prime Minister since 1990 he was able to head the fourth government after Taif following the political and economic crisis that occurred due to the elections and with the support of Syria that was not available before and thus became the most prominent and influential political figures in post-war Lebanon

This study is concerned with the Democratic Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (the Democratic Front) 1969- 1974 in terms of its: establishment from The womb Of the popular front for the liberation of Palestine, The study also deals with the Front relationship with the Palestine liberation organization through the sessions of the Palestine National Council (From The Sixth Session To The Twelfth One). The study Discussed It ideology, vision regarding the concept of resistance and positions on the peaceful compromise settlements of the Palestinian cause, especially the settlement of the democratic Palestinian state and the project of the transitional solution

Since the begining of the independence the Tunisian government has shown a great interest to the education of the Tunisian women by issuing many laws, reforms and plans which streng then the status of the changes witin cssed by the Tunisian Society, The government adopled many means to promote education among the Tunisian women including increasing. The number of the inctitutes of higher vocational education and also increasing the number of schools especially since the government saw the parents hesitation to send their daughters to the schools in the remote places far away places

Our research tagged (the administrative system in Baghdad during the British Mandate period 1920-1932) dealt with a collection of historical facts and incidents of political, administrative and demographic dimension that went through the city of Baghdad during the monarchy era, especially the British mandate over Iraq, which resulted in social, economic and administrative problems, but not limited to It has, in particular, the administrative system. Where his studies came on the basis of published Iraqi government documents, documents of the British Consul in Baghdad, documents of the House of Books and documents, as well as documentary books on the British mandate in Iraq

The oil policy of the Iraqi government after 1921 was characterized by confusion, confusion, and lack of clarity. The foreign oil company controlled Iraqi oil through the sharing of Iraqi oil between the governments of Western countries through what was given to it by the San Remo conference in 1920.Where the Turkish Oil Company got a percentage ranging from (23.75%), the French Oil Company (23.75%), Shell (British-Dutch), a percentage of (23.75%), and Aramco Company (23.25%), and each entity got a percentage (5%) .Thus, the Western countries and their oil companies, whose name was changed in 1929, shared to the Iraq Petroleum Company, and thus Iraq lost control of its oil imports and its resources became in the hands of foreign companies. And it continued to serve the interests of Western countries, forgetting the right of the Iraqi people, who were in dire need of oil imports at the time when the Iraqis only received cheap prices that did not meet their national economy and their cables with heavy restrictions for long periods that extended to less than seventy-five years

This research paper deals with conducting Kurdistan Region's referendum on independence, which triggered a crisis at the local levels in Kurdish and Iraqi, the regional, and even the international levels. The crisis confirmed the ability of the Kurdistani parties to contain the crisis and to limit the individuality of the governing party " Kurdistan Democratic Party PDK " in its crucial decisions. The crisis also reveals the rational way of the central government in Baghdad, with an ability to manage the diplomatic and political negotiations.The research confirms the possibility of coordinating the attitudes, among the most prominent regional powers in the crisis which are: Iraq, Turkey, and Iran, as a model to solve the outstanding problems of the region, and its crises politically. This, of course, comes at the expense of the international role; away from the matrix of the international interests, which increase the complexity of the crises.The crisis was overcome by intensifying the efforts of the local powers in Kurdistan, and Iraq, the regional ones represented by the neighboring countries, and the international ones represented by the countries concerned with Middle East issues in a way that leads to stability.

The concept of literacy in islam did not different from its concept in thepresnt ,both of them bear the same principles that is to do on educating man reading and writing.The task of islam to do onti-literacy was asarevolution agaiont boack wardness and ignorance

The study of history flags is one of the subjects that we seek to materialize through our studies and our research to find out the greatness of what these symbols presented from the knowledge and sciences that were dated to the nation’s civilizational and cultural march through different eras, and we stand on its doorstep with great honor and dignity. Among them is the great scholar Ibn al-Shinah al-Saghir (890 AH / 1485 CE), who is considered one of the encyclopedic scholars who wrote in various sciences such as jurisprudence, hadith, history and other sciences in which he excelled and excelled in what was classified in it. As for the topic of our research, the discussion focused on the first axis on the biography of Ibn al-Shunah al-Saghir, both scientific and personal, and the second axis of his book, The Promenade of Views in the Rawdat al-Madhhir, which is still manuscript, so we defined the book as well as the approach that followed it and the most important resources from which it drew information regarding the "virtues of the Levant and Damascus

The research deals with the cultural of the amarte al bilban our fleet of light on the administ rativa systems that were prevalent in the amarte lncluding the sultanate , the procure atorate , the Ministry , the ministry of finance m we also discussewd the judicial system in the omarte , and we highlighted the military regime especially this system was aprominent feature during the relgh of the amarte , we also dealt with the economic aspect and the most prominent aspects of social life in that era

This study deals with rare manuscript with 361 pages talked about a type of weapon which is Arabic arrows in the manuscript titled (Al-EfadawaAl-Tabasur likul ram aw muhier) written by a man from Moroccan named Abdullah Bin Maymoon died in 700 H The importance of this manuscript is appeared in the hidden of its subject as the shooting , the writer explains in detail the benefit of Arabic arrows and their types as well as the speech of its owners and the important exercises that must train on it. This Manuscript reflects the scientific growing of art of making weapons in Islamic world , therefore, it would be as a resource for many centuries in which Ottoman had taken care of it and it becomes as source that can be back to it through the 19th century

The discourse played an important role in directing positions and changing them to others. Historically, this depended on the impact of the interview and the means it uses. This was present in the mind of the Prophet Muhammad. He used a variety of direct and indirect speech. The methods of that discourse varied with the Jews according to time, Attitude, the frequency of direct speech and another letter of transfer or military action or otherwise, the Prophet peace be upon him victory in all those situations

Non Muslim as Jewish ,Christ who were people mentioned in holy Quran and they considered the most important in Arabic Islamic states in various eras according to texts found in the beginning of Islam as well as limited the relations among them and Muslims in their exchange rights, duties , and one of these rights is that of influencing the religious duties freely during the forgiveness sphere through which Muslims started from the authority participated them in their occasions . the research contained the serial of every religion who they treated as any people owned the holy books as Muslims

Scientific and economic life thrived in Andalusia during the reign of Prince Abdurrahman II. It was the journey in seeking knowledge from the channels of communication between the East and Morocco and remained the East Manhal wealth from which the Andalusians learned their science in various fields. The scientific trips of Andalusia have yielded a form of precious authorship in various fields of knowledge as well as the abundant knowledge carried by the nomadic scientists for the colors of the classifications. Al-Muhaddith remained Ibn Mukhalid at the forefront of those scholars who returned to Andalusia with many books in different colors of science, such as Hadith, Fiqh, History and Translations. And his dream to overcome them and to come out safely. He also set a new level of science in Andalusia

The city of khillat (Akhlat) is one of the oldest Islamic cities whose history dates. back to ancient times. And emerged from the role of Islamic conquest in the era of Rashidi, (20 A.H / 641 A.D) Through the Umayyad Covenant, (41-132 A. H / 660-749 A.D), Ghada in the period (493-604 A.H / 1100-1207 A.D), A center of the Seleucid Tabuk , Then a base for the management of local Ayyubis in the region for a period (604-630 A.H / 1207-1233 A.D). That the study of this topic the city of khillat from 604 A.H / 1207 A.D until 630 A.H / 1233 A.D has an importance in the field of the history of cities, It was discovered to be one of the most important cities that played a prominent political role in Islamic history as well as a number of cities, such as Sinjar and Erbil, To fill a gap of history gaps in the Middle Islamic eras, Especially in the field of the history of urbanization, And did not enjoy sufficient care and attention from researchers

Many manuscripts throughout history have been damaged by natural disasters and wars. Some scholars have rushed to preserve the manuscripts, among them the Iraqi scientist Sheikh Ali Kashif al-Khatta, as his efforts were focused on reproducing rare and abundant written copies, completing the shortage of damaged manuscripts from which some of the papers fell and repairing damage to some of the papers, and establishing a huge library in which the manuscripts' eyes and their valuables were collected

Which we are interested here Encyclopedia of the pleasures of thought and methods of lessons: for the pools, and existing in several copies as will be mentioned later, and we relied in our research on a copy that exists in the Iraqi Academy of Scienc , the number of its pages (155), the number of its pages in each page (18) Line, and in each line of (9-12) words . The geographical encyclopedia of the Sultan of the eighth century AH / 16th century, provided us with valuable information that helps us to draw a clear picture of the term and administrative division of Andalusia (Koura), and this shows unequivocally the attention of the authors of the serious encyclopedias and comes in their intimacy by mentioning the administrative conditions of that country And his active attempt to gather information about them, and that the Batawat did not tell us the sources of this information, which was read by those who wrote from the Saba'is and the Andalusians of the later geographers .As at the same time we find that there is a lack of information on the names of the governors of Andalusia on that Corr and cities and fortresses, which we find in the books of other encyclopedias

The character of the companion, Thamama bin Athal Al Yamami (Peace be upon him), is one of the characters who were distinguished by reason, understanding, and wise opinion, so he disagreed after his conversion to Islam by the enemies of Allah(Holy Quran) and the Messenger Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) after he was distinguished by the enmity and hatred of the Islamic religion and Muslims wherever they were evidence of his material and moral support to the enemies Islam before its Islam, and our master was a Thamama from an ancient and ancient tribe known for the agricultural nature of the characteristics of its habitat (Al Yamama), such as fresh water and fertile soil; It was producing and generating various crops, grains and dates after planting it. That is why al-Yamamah has returned since ancient times as an important economic country in the Arabian Peninsula linking the north to the south and east with the West with profitable economic and trade relations. Al-Yamamah was famous for its march (wheat and dates) that our master threatened the garbage of Quraysh of the people of Mecca, where he had an economic stance towards them that differs from his position after His Islam and proven it until his death

This study spot light on agricultural organizations in the new Babylonian era according to cuneiform biblical sources . The new Babylonian state will suffer from organizing agricultural lands, which came on two axes . The first - ownership of agricultural lands and the second was the types of agricultural lands which based on the types of agricultural crops

The nation cares about the health of its children and puts this attention in the forefront of its duties because the people do not rise and develop without individuals who are physically, mentally and psychologically healthy and his mental health is the land that is covered by the children and from it stems from their creations in the different aspects of life artistic and literary Social, scientific, cultural and other.The search aims to:-To identify the mental health of parents of children with autism disorder.-To identify the future concerns of parents of children with autism disorder.-To identify the relationship between mental health and the future concerns of parents of children with autism disorder.The researchers used the measure of mental health and the measure of anxiety of the futureThe research sample was the guardians of children with autism disorder (25). The main results of the research were:The anxiety is in a healthy state when it is at a normal level and this level can be known whether it is normal or not by comparing it to a mental health variable that has proven that the research sample is highly psychiatric